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Here is a diagram of three servers:
What we want to do is create a tunnel with SSH so that 10.50.101.100 can go directly to 10.50.100.72. There is no routing between the networks. The box in between is dual-homed and acting as a security buffer between the 10.50.100 and 10.50.101 networks. After we set up the tunnel, we are going to perform an rsync backup of the 10.50.100.72 /share directory to 10.50.101.100.
To set up the tunnel:
# ssh -l root -L 839:10.50.100.72:22 10.50.101.1 cat -
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If there are no keys, you will have to enter passwords. The cat - just keeps the tunnel open by running a command that never quits.
You have to run this from a shell, and you can't put it in the background. To make this easier, we will set up keys:
# ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
f0:50:6e:7b:a8:ce:c2:d9:13:2d:6b:f5:ab:ff:e9:0f root@mcj
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Copy the key to 10.50.100.72 directly using the tunnel:
# scp -P 839 /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@localhost:/root/.ssh/101pub
root@localhost's password:
id_dsa.pub 100% 598 0.6KB/s 00:00
#
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On 10.50.100.72:
# cat 101pub >> authorized_keys2
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Copy the key to the gateway box (10.50.101.1):
# scp /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@10.50.101.1:/root/.ssh/101pub
root@10.50.101.1's password:
id_dsa.pub 100% 598 0.6KB/s 00:00
#
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This box needs a new authorized_keys2 file, so we need to create it and change the permissions:
# cat 101pub > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys2
#
# chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys2
#
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Let's restart the tunnel with debugging turned on:
# ssh -l root -vL 839:10.50.100.72:22 10.50.101.1 cat -
OpenSSH_4.3p2, OpenSSL 0.9.8b 04 May 2006
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: Connecting to 10.50.101.1 [10.50.101.1] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type 2
debug1: Remote protocol version 1.99, remote software version OpenSSH_4.3
debug1: match: OpenSSH_4.3 pat OpenSSH*
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.3
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY
debug1: Host '10.50.101.1' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:5
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,
keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-dss blen 433
debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA
debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
debug1: Local connections to LOCALHOST:839 forwarded to
remote address 10.50.100.72:22
socket: Address family not supported by protocol
debug1: Local forwarding listening on 127.0.0.1 port 839.
debug1: channel 0: new [port listener]
debug1: channel 1: new [client-session]
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: Sending command: cat -
debug1: Connection to port 839 forwarding to 10.50.100.72 port 22 requested.
debug1: channel 2: new [direct-tcpip]
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You can see this command run in the above log:
# ssh -p 839 root@localhost
Last login: Fri Jun 9 15:58:04 2006 from 10.50.100.200
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Let's download, compile, install, and kick, off rsync:
# scp -P 839 root@localhost:/share/software/rsync-2.6.8.tar.gz /usr/src
rsync-2.6.8.tar.gz 100% 754KB 754.2KB/s 00:00
# tar -xzf rsync*.gz
# cd rsync*
# ./configure --prefix=/usr
configure: Configuring rsync 2.6.8
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling
.
.
.
config.status: creating lib/dummy
config.status: creating zlib/dummy
config.status: creating popt/dummy
config.status: creating shconfig
config.status: creating config.h
rsync 2.6.8 configuration successful
# make && make install
gcc -I. -I. -g -O2 -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Wall -W -I./popt -c rsync.c -o rsync.o
gcc -I. -I. -g -O2 -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Wall -W -I./popt -c generator.c
-o generator.o
gcc -I. -I. -g -O2 -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Wall -W -
.
.
.
mkdir -p /usr/man/man1
mkdir -p /usr/man/man5
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./rsync.1 /usr/man/man1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./rsyncd.conf.5 /usr/man/man5
#
# rsync -e 'ssh -p 839' --delete -az root@localhost:/share/ /share/ &
[1] 6029
#
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We are able to rsync via SSH to a port on localhost (the 10.50.101.100 box).
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